Roman Empire.

 

Julius Caesar died  44 b.c.

 

Augustus 31 bc – ad 14

·        He put an end to Civil War.

·        He had to restore the constitution.

·        Demobilise the army with maintenance of an efficient defense against barbarians.

 

He became the first Emperor of Rome.

 

He made peace with the provinces. He let them take care of most of their own business.

 

The age of the five good emperors 96 – 192.

 

·        Economic prosperity

·        Trade and growth of cities

·        Beginning of barbarian menace on the frontiers.

 

 

193 – 235.

 

·        Military Monarchy

·        All free men within the empire given Roman citizenship.

 

235 – 284.

 

·        22 Emperors in 49 years

·        Civil War

·        Breakdown of the Empire.

·        Barbarian invasion

·        Severe economic decline

 

284 – 337.

 

·        Political recovery

·        Autocracy

·        Legalisation of Christianity

·        Transition to the  Middle Age in the West

·        Birth of Byzantine Empire in the East