1. Redovisa resultatet av
elevundersökningen. OH eller tavla?
2. De perioder som ni gett höga
poäng kommer att behandlas djupare och tillfälle till egna arbeten kommer att
erbjudas i dessa avsnitt.
3. KRONOLOGI är ett måste. Vi
börjar alltså med upplysningen och de idéer som fick mänskligheten att ändra
sitt tanke sätt.
4. Kolla om de vill läsa mer
naturvetenskapliga skrifter av Galileo etc.
The
Enlightenment.
Starting
by looking back to the 16th century.
The ideas that led to the reformations of the church are in many ways more important then the reformation per se.
The Ref made i possible for people to start questioning authority of the
church and in the longer run it ment that it was possible to have doubt about
the divine reign of the kings.
Luther was did not like the revolutionary peasants. Revolution could
only lead to chaos that was a direct obstruction to the will of God.
The
17th Century.
The ideas that was born in the reformation flourish.
The
structure of society changes:
1)
Merchants and Manufactures
rise as a class in the cities. They are the ones who make all the money. The
royal families get increasing problems with the economy. They demand politcal
power and have economic power.
2)
The parliament starts to
question the power of the king. The merchants and manufactures have taken
political power during the 17th century.
The
political struggle is not anylonger between the nobility and the king.
The
nobility will further on side up with the king.
3)
The power of the Church is
questioned.
Throughout Europe the struggle for more power
is between the parliament and the royal families.
The
18th Century.
During the 17th the discussion was
mostly WHETHER the power should be divided between the king and the parliament.
The discussion during the 18th century was HOW the power should be
divided.
The influence of the single citizen was also
discussed.
The most important difference in thinking was
the discussion whether human beings were controlled by a
Divine Right or a Natural Right.
“What Right does a human being have IF God
didn´t exist”
Great Thinkers start to say that every human
beeing have certain rights from the moment they are born. These rights are
unconditional. It doesn´t matter if you´re rich or poor, what occupation you
have, or in what nation your´re born.
The Scientific Revolution had proven for
mankind that it was possible to explain the world around us not just by the act
and willing of God but by other standards.
The explanation to problems and things around
us is nolonger explained in terms Divine Law but in terms of Scientific Law.
And if its possible to explain the fact that
the earth is circulating the sun not vice versa then maybe its possible to
figure out the perfect management of power by other standards than the Divine
Law.